EDS大学

3.根据高斯定理∫Eds=Q/ε0和球面对称性,我们可以计算:

0 & ltr & lt=R1 E=0

r 1 & lt;r & lt= R2 E = q 1/(4ω0r?)

R2<r E =(q 1+Q2)/(4ω0r?)

4、

0 & ltr & lt在=R1的范围内,充入的金额是Q1r?/R1?,那么E=Q1r?/(R1?(4ω0r?))= q 1r/(4ω0r 1?)

r 1 & lt;r & lt= R2 E = q 1/(4ω0r?)

R2<r E =(q 1+Q2)/(4ω0r?)

电势可以通过在无穷远处分段将场强对r积分来获得:

R2<r U =(q 1+Q2)/(4ω0r)

r 1 & lt;r & lt= R2 U =(q 1+Q2)/(4ω0r 2)+q 1/(4ω0)(1/r-1/R2)= q 1/(4ω0r)+Q2/(4ω0r 2)

0 & ltr & lt= r 1 U =(3q 1/(2r 1)+Q2/R2)/(4ω0)-q 1 r?/(8ω0r 1?)